There, the food is chewed and mixed with saliva, which contains enzymes that begin breaking down the carbohydrates in the food plus some lipid digestion via lingual lipase. The first of these processes, ingestion, refers to the entry of food into the alimentary canal through the mouth. The processes of digestion include six activities: ingestion, propulsion, mechanical or physical digestion, chemical digestion, absorption, and defecation. Mucus eases passage of feces through colon.Food residue is concentrated and temporarily stored prior to defecation.Absorbs most residual water, electrolytes, and vitamins produced by enteric bacteria.Bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juices help neutralize acidic chyme and provide optimal environment for enzymatic activity.Pancreas: produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate.Gallbladder: stores, concentrates, and releases bile.Liver: produces bile salts, which emulsify lipids, aiding their digestion and absorption.
Provides optimal medium for enzymatic activity.Performs physical digestion via segmentation.Absorbs breakdown products of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, along with vitamins, minerals, and water.Propels food at a rate slow enough for digestion and absorption.Secretes intrinsic factor required for vitamin B 12 absorption in small intestine.Absorbs some fat-soluble substances (for example, alcohol, aspirin).Releases food into the duodenum as chyme.Mixes and churns food with gastric juices to form chyme.Propels food from the oral cavity to the esophagus.Cleans and lubricates the teeth and oral cavity.Moistens and dissolves food, allowing you to taste it.Begins breakdown of lipids via lingual lipase.Begins chemical breakdown of carbohydrates.
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